India's freight movement is heavily skewed toward road transportation, which moves 66% of cargo. This is followed by Rail (31%), Shipping (3%) and Air (1%).

Road transportation accounts for less than one fifth of India's final energy use, but is responsible for nearly 12% of the country's energy-related carbon dioxide emissions.

India at present is heavily reliant using diesel vehicles in road transportation which causes heavy carbon emission.

Given the rapid growth of the Indian economy, this sector, and its emissions, are growing at a faster rate compared to other sectors. Hence, there is urgent need to address the environmental impact of diesel-powered transportation and explore low emission alternatives.

India, as the fastest growing major economy, faces the challenge of decarbonising its road transport sector, which accounts for a significant portion of energy demand and associated emissions.